This study, which lasted almost 3 years, brought together a multidisciplinary consortium including Adexel, Evea, Komodite and the ADF group.

At the heart of the vast study programme, we were able to address a variety of subjects linked to the energy transition of such a fleet:
- Technical: description of the advantages/disadvantages and ins and outs of the practical implementation of the various motorisations.
- Regulatory :

• understanding French and European regulations, past, present and future, in terms of switching to low-emission engines 
• highlighting compliance with standards for the use of technologies and the adaptation of depots

- Environmental: taking into account the emissions and other environmental impacts associated with the life cycle of the various technologies, including the critical availability of metals.
- Economic: calculation of total cost of ownership, including investment and operation
- Organisational: identification of issues relating to vehicle management and ownership, and possible pooling of fuelling stations with other captive fleets (refuse collection vehicles, goods transport).

A number of enriching discussions were held with the heads of the city's operational departments, representatives of the key sectors in each energy chain (producers, developers, distributors, manufacturers, associations) and other cities facing similar challenges.
Finally, in a practical and applied way, a tool estimating the financial and environmental impacts of different energy transition scenarios for existing fleets was developed for the purpose, in order to better anticipate future renewals.